Nye gị nghọta zuru oke nke nhazi ahụ, ụkpụrụ ọrụ, uru na ọghọm nke compressors axial.
Ihe ọmụma banyere axial compressors
Axial flow compressors na centrifugal compressors abụọ bụ nke ụdị ngwa ngwa compressors, na a na-akpọ ha abụọ compressors turbine;pụtara ụdị ngwa ngwa compressors pụtara na ụkpụrụ ha na-arụ ọrụ na-adabere na agụba na-arụ ọrụ na gas, na mbụ na-eme ka ikuku gas na-agba ọsọ ọsọ ọsọ na-abawanye nke ukwuu tupu ị gbanwee ike kinetic n'ime ike nrụgide.N'iji ya tụnyere centrifugal compressor, ebe ọ bụ na ikuku gas na compressor adịghị n'akụkụ radial direction, ma n'akụkụ axial direction, akụkụ kasị ukwuu nke axial flow compressor bụ na gas na-erugharị ike n'otu mpaghara dị ukwuu, na otu ihe ahụ. N'okpuru nhazi nke nhazi olu gas, akụkụ radial dị ntakịrị, karịsịa maka oge ndị chọrọ nnukwu mmiri.Tụkwasị na nke ahụ, compressor axial flow compressor nwekwara uru nke usoro dị mfe, ọrụ dị mma na mmezi.Agbanyeghị, o doro anya na ọ dị ala na kọmpụta centrifugal n'ihe gbasara profaịlụ agụba dị mgbagwoju anya, chọrọ usoro nrụpụta dị elu, mpaghara ọrụ kwụsiri ike dị warara, yana obere mgbanwe mgbanwe na-agba ọsọ na-agba mgbe niile.
Ọnụ ọgụgụ na-esonụ bụ eserese schematic nke nhazi nke usoro AV axial flow compressor:
1. Chassis
Emebere ihe mkpuchi nke axial flow compressor ka ọ kewaa n'ahịrị ma bụrụ nke nkedo (steel).Ọ nwere njirimara nke ezigbo nkwụsi ike, enweghị nrụrụ, ụda mkpọtụ na mbelata vibration.Jisie ike na bolts iji jikọta akụkụ elu na nke ala ka ọ bụrụ nke siri ike zuru oke.
A na-akwado mkpuchi ahụ na isi na isi anọ, a na-edozikwa isi ihe nkwado anọ n'akụkụ abụọ nke obere mkpuchi nke dị nso na etiti etiti etiti, nke mere na nkwado nke unit ahụ nwere ezigbo nkwụsi ike.Abụọ n'ime isi ihe nkwado anọ bụ isi ihe edozi, ma ndị ọzọ na-atụgharị.A na-enyekwa akụkụ ala nke mkpuchi ahụ igodo nduzi abụọ n'akụkụ ntụziaka axial, nke a na-eji maka mgbasawanye ọkụ nke unit ahụ n'oge ọrụ.
Maka nnukwu nkeji, ebe a na-akwagharị swing na-akwado nkwado swing, a na-ejikwa ihe pụrụ iche mee ka mgbasawanye ọkụ dị ntakịrị ma belata mgbanwe nke etiti etiti nke unit ahụ.Na mgbakwunye, a na-edozi nkwado etiti iji mee ka ihe siri ike nke unit ahụ dịkwuo elu.
2. Static vane na-ebu cylinder
Silinda vane na-ebu ihe bụ cylinder nkwado maka vanes kwụ ọtọ nke compressor.Emebere ya dị ka nkewa kehoraizin.A na-ekpebi nha geometric site na imewe ikuku ikuku, nke bụ isi ọdịnaya nke nhazi ihe owuwu compressor.Mgbanaka ntinye ahụ dabara na njedebe oriri nke cylinder vane bearing, na ihe mgbasa ozi dabara na njedebe iyuzucha.A na-ejikọta ha n'otu n'otu na mkpuchi mkpuchi na mkpuchi mkpuchi iji mepụta ụzọ na-ejikọta ọnụ nke njedebe oriri na mgbasawanye nke njedebe nkwụsị.A na-ejikọta ọwa na ọwa nke rotor na vane bearing cylinder na-ejikọta ọnụ iji mepụta ọwa ikuku zuru oke nke compressor axial flow.
A na-eji ígwè ductile tụba ahụ cylinder nke vane na-ebu cylinder kwụ ọtọ ma were ya nke ọma.A na-akwado akụkụ abụọ ahụ n'otu n'otu na mkpuchi mkpuchi, njedebe dị nso n'akụkụ iyuzucha bụ nkwado na-amị amị, na njedebe dị nso n'akụkụ ikuku ikuku bụ nkwado a kapịrị ọnụ.
Enwere ụzọ ntụzịaka na-agbanwe agbanwe n'ọkwa dị iche iche yana akpaka vane bearings, cranks, sliders, wdg maka vane nduzi ọ bụla na vane bearing cylinder.Akwụkwọ mpempe akwụkwọ na-akwụghị ọtọ bụ ink okirikiri nwere ezigbo mmanye onwe ya, na ndụ ọrụ ya karịrị afọ 25, nke dị mma na ntụkwasị obi.A na-etinye mgbanaka mkpuchi silicone na stalk vane iji gbochie ntapu gas na ntinye uzuzu.A na-enye ihe mkpuchi mkpuchi na-ejuputa na gburugburu mpụta nke njedebe ikuku nke cylinder na-ebu ya na nkwado nke mkpuchi iji gbochie nkwụsị.
3. mmezi cylinder na vane mmezi usoro
A na-ejikọta cylinder na-emezigharị site na efere ígwè, kewaa n'ahịrị, na etiti etiti na-ejikọta ya site na bolts, nke nwere nnukwu siri ike.A na-akwado ya n'ime ihe mkpuchi ahụ na isi anọ, na nkwado anọ na-akwado ya bụ ígwè "Du" na-abụghị mmanụ.Isi ihe abụọ dị n'otu akụkụ na-emechi ọkara, na-ekwe ka mmegharị axial;A na-emepụta isi ihe abụọ dị n'akụkụ nke ọzọ Ụdị ahụ na-enye ohere mgbasawanye axial na radial thermal, na a na-etinye mgbanaka nduzi nke ọkwa dị iche iche nke vanes n'ime cylinder na-edozi.
Usoro ngbanwe stator agụba mejupụtara moto servo, efere njikọ, cylinder mmezi na cylinder nkwado agụba.Ọrụ ya bụ ịhazigharị akụkụ nke stator blades na ọkwa niile nke compressor iji zute ọnọdụ ọrụ na-agbanwe agbanwe.A na-etinye moto servo abụọ n'akụkụ abụọ nke compressor ma jikọọ na cylinder na-edozi site na efere njikọ.Moto servo, ọdụ mmanụ ọkụ, pipeline mmanụ, na otu ngwa njikwa akpaaka na-etolite usoro hydraulic servo maka ịhazigharị akụkụ nke vane.Mgbe mmanụ dị elu nke 130bar sitere na ọdụ mmanụ ọkụ na-arụ ọrụ, a na-akwali piston nke servo moto ka ọ kwaga, efere njikọ ahụ na-eme ka cylinder na-agbanwe agbanwe ka ọ na-aga n'otu n'otu na ụzọ axial, ihe mmịfe ahụ na-ebugharị stator vane ka ọ tụgharịa. site na crank, ka iji nweta nzube nke ịhazigharị akụkụ nke stator vane.Enwere ike ịhụ ya site na ihe aerodynamic imewe chọrọ na ngbanwe ego nke vane angle nke akụkụ ọ bụla nke compressor dị iche, na n'ozuzu mgbanwe ego na-ebelata n'usoro site na nke mbụ ruo na nke ikpeazụ, nke nwere ike mezuo site na ịhọrọ ogologo. nke crank, ya bụ, site na mbụ ogbo na ikpeazụ ogbo na-abawanye n'ogologo.
A na-akpọkwa cylinder na-emezigharị “Clinder dị n'etiti” n'ihi na a na-etinye ya n'etiti mkpuchi mkpuchi na cylinder nke na-ebu agụba, ebe a na-akpọ casing na cylinder na-ebu agụba “Silinda mpụta” na “silinda dị n'ime” n'otu n'otu.Ọdịdị cylinder nke okpukpu atọ a na-ebelata nrụrụ na nrụgide nrụgide nke unit ahụ n'ihi mgbasawanye ọkụ, ma n'otu oge ahụ na-egbochi usoro nhazi site na uzuzu na n'ibu mmebi nke ihe ndị dị n'èzí kpatara.
4. rotor na agụba
The rotor na-emi esịnede nke isi aro, na-akpụ akpụ agụba na niile etoju, spacer blocks, agụba akpọchi otu, anu agụba, wdg The rotor bụ nke hà n'ime dayameta Ọdịdị, nke bụ adaba maka nhazi.
A na-eji ígwè dị elu kpụọ spindle ahụ.Ngwakọta kemịkalụ nke isi ihe eji eme ihe kwesịrị ka enyocha ya nke ọma ma nyochaa ya, na ntinye ihe nrụnye na-enyocha ya site na ngọngọ ule.Mgbe arụchara ọrụ siri ike, a chọrọ ule na-agba ọsọ na-ekpo ọkụ iji chọpụta nkwụsi ike nke okpomọkụ ya ma wepụ akụkụ nke nrụgide fọdụrụnụ.Mgbe ihe ngosi ndị a dị n'elu ruru eru, enwere ike itinye ya n'ime imecha machining.Mgbe emechachara, a chọrọ nyocha agba ma ọ bụ nyocha ihe ndọta na akwụkwọ akụkọ dị na nsọtụ abụọ ahụ, anaghị anabata mgbape.
A na-eji igwe anaghị agba nchara na-akpụpụta oghere ndị na-akpụ akpụ na agụba kwụ ọtọ, na akụrụngwa kwesịrị ka enyocha ya maka ihe mejupụtara kemịkalụ, akụrụngwa akụrụngwa, ntinye slag na-abụghị ọla na mgbawa.Mgbe agbachachara agụba ahụ, a na-eme brọsh mmiri mmiri iji mee ka ike ọgwụgwụ dị elu dịkwuo elu.Ọkpụkpọ a na-emepụta kwesịrị ịlele ugboro ole, ma ọ bụrụ na ọ dị mkpa, ọ kwesịrị ịrụzi ugboro ole.
A na-etinye agụba ndị na-akpụ akpụ nke ogbo ọ bụla n'ime oghere mgbọrọgwụ osisi kwụ ọtọ na-atụgharị n'akụkụ akụkụ okirikiri, a na-eji oghere spacer dokwa oghere abụọ ahụ, a na-eji ihe mgbochi oghere na-adọba ma kpọchie eriri abụọ na-akpụ akpụ. arụnyere na njedebe nke ọ bụla ogbo.siri ike.
Enwere diski nguzozi abụọ edoziri na nsọtụ wiilị ahụ, ọ dịkwa mfe ịhazi nha na ụgbọ elu abụọ.Efere nguzozi na aka uwe mkpuchi na-etolite piston itule, nke na-arụ ọrụ site na ọkpọkọ itule iji dozie akụkụ nke ike axial nke pneumatic na-emepụta, belata ibu dị na mbuli, ma mee ka ibu ya na gburugburu ebe nchekwa dị mma.
5. Gland
E nwere ogwe aka mkpuchi njedebe n'akụkụ ihe oriri na akụkụ iyuzucha nke compressor n'otu n'otu, na efere akara agbakwunyere na akụkụ kwekọrọ na rotor na-etolite akara labyrinth iji gbochie ntapu gas na nhụpụ n'ime.Iji mee ka ntinye na nrụnye dị mfe, a na-edozi ya site na ngọngọ ngbanwe na gburugburu mpụta nke mkpuchi mkpuchi.
6. igbe ebu
A na-ahazi radial bearings na ntinye ntinye n'ime igbe ahụ, a na-anakọta mmanụ maka ịgbanye bearings site na igbe ebu ma laghachi na tank mmanụ.Na-emekarị, ala nke igbe ahụ na-eji ngwaọrụ nduzi (mgbe a na-ejikọta ya), nke na-arụkọ ọrụ na isi iji mee ka unit ahụ dị n'etiti ma na-agbasawanye na ntụziaka axial.Maka ebe obibi nkewa nkewa, a na-etinye igodo nduzi atọ na ala nke akụkụ iji kwado mgbasawanye ọkụ nke ụlọ ahụ.A na-ahazikwa igodo nduzi axial n'otu akụkụ nke mkpuchi ka ọ dabara na mkpuchi ahụ.Igbe ahụ nwere ngwaọrụ nleba anya dị ka nleba ọnọdụ okpomọkụ, nlegharị anya rotor, na nhụta mbugharị ogwe.
7. ibu
Ọtụtụ n'ime mkpali axial nke rotor na-ebufe site na efere nguzozi, na ntinye axial fọdụrụnụ nke ihe dịka 20 ~ 40kN na-ebuli ya.Enwere ike imezi mpe mpe mpe akwa ahụ na-akpaghị aka dịka oke ibu ahụ siri dị iji hụ na a na-ekesa ibu dị na mpe mpe akwa ọ bụla.Ihe nkedo a na-akwali bụ nke carbon ígwè nkedo Babbitt alloy.
E nwere ụdị abụọ nke radial bearings.Compressors nwere ike dị elu na obere ọsọ na-eji elliptical bearings, na compressors nwere obere ike na nnukwu ọsọ na-eji tilting pad bearings.
A na-eji ngwa jacking dị elu rụọ ọrụ nke ukwuu maka ịdị mma nke ịmalite.Igwe mgbapụta dị elu na-emepụta nrụgide dị elu nke 80MPa n'ime oge dị mkpirikpi, a na-etinyekwa ọdọ mmiri mmanụ dị elu n'okpuru radial bearing iji bulie rotor ma belata nkwụsị mmalite.Mgbe ịmalite, nrụgide mmanụ na-agbada na 5 ~ 15MPa.
The axial flow compressor na-arụ ọrụ n'okpuru ọnọdụ imewe.Mgbe ọnọdụ ọrụ na-agbanwe, ebe ọrụ ya ga-ahapụ ebe a na-emepụta ihe ma banye na mpaghara ọnọdụ ọrụ na-abụghị nhazi.N'oge a, ọnọdụ ikuku ikuku dị n'ezie dị iche na nhazi ọrụ nhazi., na n'okpuru ọnọdụ ụfọdụ, ọnọdụ mgbaba na-adịghị akwụsi ike na-eme.Site ugbu a ele ihe anya, e nwere ọtụtụ ahụkarị ejighị n'aka na-arụ ọrụ ọnọdụ: ya bụ, na-agbanwe agbanwe ụlọ ahịa ọnọdụ, ịwa ahụ na-arụ ọrụ ọnọdụ na igbochi ọrụ ọnọdụ, na atọ ndị a na-arụ ọrụ ọnọdụ bụ aerodynamic ejighị n'aka na-arụ ọrụ ọnọdụ.
Mgbe compressor axial flow compressor na-arụ ọrụ n'okpuru ọnọdụ ọrụ ndị a na-ejighị n'aka, ọ bụghị naanị na arụ ọrụ na-arụ ọrụ ga-akawanye njọ, ma mgbe ụfọdụ, vibration siri ike ga-eme, nke mere na igwe enweghị ike ịrụ ọrụ nke ọma, na ọbụna nnukwu mmebi ihe mberede ga-eme.
1. Ntugharị na-agbanwe agbanwe nke axial flow compressor
A na-akpọ ebe dị n'etiti opekempe akụkụ nke vane kwụ ọtọ na ahịrị akụkụ kacha nta na-arụ ọrụ nke njiri mara nke axial flow compressor mpaghara ebe a na-agbagharị agbagharị, a na-ekewakwa ebe a na-agbagharị agbagharị ụzọ abụọ: ụlọ ahịa na-aga n'ihu na ụlọ mberede mberede.Mgbe ụda ikuku na-erughị oke ahịrị ahịrị nkwụgharị nke axial-flow main fan, ikuku na-erugharị n'azụ agụba ahụ ga-apụ n'anya, ikuku ikuku n'ime igwe ga-eme ka mmiri na-agbagharị agbagharị, nke ga-eme ka agụba ahụ kwụsị. na-ebute nrụgide ọzọ na-akpata mmebi ike ọgwụgwụ.
Iji gbochie nkwụsịtụ, a chọrọ onye na-arụ ọrụ ka ọ mara njirimara njirimara nke engine ahụ, na-agafe na mpaghara nkwụsị ngwa ngwa n'oge usoro mmalite.N'oge usoro ọrụ, opekempe stator agụba n'akuku ekwesịghị ịdị ala karịa uru akọwapụtara dị ka ụkpụrụ ndị nrụpụta si dị.
2. Axial Compressor Surge
Mgbe compressor na-arụ ọrụ na njikọ nke netwọk ọkpọkọ nwere ụfọdụ olu, mgbe compressor na-arụ ọrụ na oke mkpakọ dị elu na ọnụ ala dị ala, ozugbo ọnụọgụ nke compressor na-erughị otu uru, azụ ikuku ikuku nke agụba ga-abụ. kewapụrụ nke ukwuu ruo mgbe a ga-egbochi ụzọ ahụ, ikuku ikuku ga-agbasikwa ike.Na-etolite oscillation na ikike ikuku na ikuku ikuku nke netwọk ọkpọkọ.N'oge a, usoro ikuku nke usoro netwọk na-agbanwe nke ukwuu n'ozuzu ya, ya bụ, ụda ikuku na nrụgide na-agbanwe oge na oge na njupụta;ike na ụda nke compressor ma na-agbanwe kwa oge..Mgbanwe ndị a kpọtụrụ aha n'elu dị oke njọ, na-eme ka fuselage na-ama jijiji nke ukwuu, na ọbụna igwe enweghị ike ịnọgide na-arụ ọrụ nkịtị.A na-akpọ ihe omume a ịwa ahụ.
Ebe ọ bụ na ịwa ahụ bụ ihe na-eme na igwe dum na usoro netwọkụ, ọ bụghị nanị na ọ na-ejikọta ya na njirimara eruba nke compressor, kamakwa ọ dabere na njirimara nke netwọkụ ọkpọkọ, na njupụta ya na ugboro ole na-achịkwa olu. nke netwọk ọkpọkọ.
Nsonaazụ nke ịwa ahụ na-adịkarị njọ.Ọ ga-eme ka compressor rotor na stator components na-enweta nrụgide na mgbaji ọzọ, na-eme ka nrụgide interstage dị mgbagwoju anya na-eme ka mkpọtụ siri ike, na-ebute mmebi nke akara na ịkwanye bearings, na-eme ka rotor na stator na-agbakọta., na-akpata nnukwu ihe mberede.Karịsịa maka nrụgide axial flow compressors, ịwa ahụ nwere ike ibibi igwe n'ime obere oge, ya mere a naghị ekwe ka compressor rụọ ọrụ n'okpuru ọnọdụ ịwa ahụ.
Site na nyocha nke mbụ dị n'elu, a maara na ọ bụ nke mbụ na-eme ka a na-arị elu ahụ site na ebe a na-agbagharị agbagharị na-akpata site na enweghị ngbanwe nke usoro ikuku na geometric na compressor blade cascade n'okpuru ọnọdụ ọrụ na-agbanwe agbanwe.Ma ọ bụghị ụlọ ahịa niile na-atụgharị ga-eduga n'ịwa ahụ, nke ikpeazụ na-emetụtakwa usoro netwọkụ ọkpọkọ, n'ihi ya, nhazi nke ịwa ahụ na-agụnye ihe abụọ: n'ime ya, ọ dabere na compressor axial flow N'okpuru ọnọdụ ụfọdụ, ụlọ ahịa mberede na mberede na-eme. ;n'èzí, ọ metụtara ikike na akara njirimara nke netwọk ọkpọkọ.Nke mbụ bụ ihe kpatara ya, ebe nke ikpeazụ bụ ọnọdụ mpụga.Ihe kpatara ya na-akwalite ịwa ahụ na nkwado nke ọnọdụ mpụga.
3. Mgbochi nke compressor axial
A na-edozi mpaghara akpịrị agụba nke compressor.Mgbe ọnụ ọgụgụ na-agba ọsọ na-abawanye, n'ihi mmụba nke axial velocity nke ikuku na-eme ka ikuku na-arị elu, njedebe nke ikuku na-abawanye, na akụkụ ọjọọ nke ọgụ (akụkụ nke ọgụ bụ akụkụ dị n'etiti ntụziaka nke ikuku na ntinye ntinye. nke mbata agụba) na-abawanye.N'oge a, nkezi ikuku ikuku na akụkụ kacha nta nke oghere cascade ga-eru ọsọ nke ụda, nke mere na ntụgharị site na compressor ga-eru uru dị oke mkpa ma ghara ịnọgide na-abawanye.A na-akpọ ihe omume a igbochi.Nke a na-egbochi vanes ndị bụ isi na-ekpebi oke kachasị nke compressor.Mgbe nrụgide ikuku na-ebelata, gas dị na compressor ga-eme ka ọ dịkwuo elu n'ihi mmụba nke mgbasawanye mgbasa ozi, na mgbochi ga-emekwa mgbe ikuku ikuku ruru ọsọ nke ụda na cascade ikpeazụ.N'ihi na a na-egbochi ikuku nke ikuku ikpeazụ, ikuku ikuku dị n'ihu n'ihu nke ikpeazụ na-abawanye, na nrụgide ikuku n'azụ agụba ikpeazụ na-ebelata, na-eme ka ọdịiche dị n'etiti ihu na azụ nke njedebe ikpeazụ na-abawanye, nke mere na ọ na-eme ka ọ dịkwuo elu. ike dị n'ihu na azụ nke agụba ikpeazụ adịghị mma na nrụgide nwere ike ịmalite.kpatara mmebi agụba.
Mgbe a na-ekpebi ụdị agụba na parampat nke ihe nrịbama axial, a na-edozikwa njirimara mgbochi ya.A naghị ekwe ka compressors axial na-agba ọsọ ogologo oge na mpaghara dị n'okpuru ahịrị choke.
N'ikwu okwu n'ozuzu, njikwa mgbochi mgbochi nke compressor axial flow compressor adịghị mkpa ka ọ bụrụ nke siri ike dị ka nchịkwa mgbochi, ọrụ nchịkwa adịghị mkpa ka ọ dị ngwa ngwa, ọ dịghịkwa mkpa ịtọ ebe nkwụsị njem.Banyere ma ịtọọ njikwa mgbochi mgbochi, ọ dịkwa n'aka compressor n'onwe ya Jụọ maka mkpebi.Ụfọdụ ndị na-emepụta ihe eburu n'uche na-eme ka agụba dị na nhazi ahụ dị ike, n'ihi ya, ha nwere ike iguzogide mmụba nke nchekasị, n'ihi ya, ọ dịghị mkpa ka ha guzobe njikwa mgbochi.Ọ bụrụ na onye nrụpụta ahụ echeghị na ike agụba kwesịrị ịbawanye mgbe ihe mgbochi na-eme na imewe, a ga-enyerịrị ụlọ ọrụ njikwa akpaka mgbochi mgbochi.
Usoro nchịkwa mgbochi mgbochi nke compressor axial flow bụ nke a: a na-etinye valvụ na-egbochi nru ububa na pipeline nke compressor, na akara nchọpụta abụọ nke ọnụọgụ ntinye na nrụgide nkwụsị na-abanye n'otu oge na mgbochi clogging regulator.Mgbe nrụgide nke igwe na-adaba n'ụzọ na-adịghị mma na ebe ọrụ nke igwe na-adaba n'okpuru mgbochi mgbochi, a na-eziga mgbaàmà mmepụta nke onye na-ahụ maka njikwa na valve mgbochi iji mee ka valvụ ahụ dị ntakịrị, ya mere ikuku ikuku na-abawanye. , ọnụ ọgụgụ na-agba ọsọ na-ebelata, ebe ọrụ na-abanyekwa na mgbochi mgbochi.N'elu akara mgbochi, igwe na-ewepụ ọnọdụ mgbochi ahụ.
