Kedu ka esi ekewa ndị na-agbanwe ọkụ?
Dị ka usoro mbufe ọkụ si dị, enwere ike kewaa ya n'ime: mgbidi mgbidi nkebi, ihe na-ekpo ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ, njikọ mmiri na-ekpo ọkụ na-apụtaghị ìhè, kọntaktị okpomọkụ kpọmkwem, na otutu okpomọkụ.
Dị ka nzube ya si dị, ọ nwere ike kewaa n'ime: kpo oku, preheater, superheater na evaporator.
Dị ka ihe owuwu ahụ si dị, enwere ike kewaa ya n'ime: onye na-ese n'elu mmiri na-ekpo ọkụ na-ese n'elu mmiri, ihe na-ekpo ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ, U-shaped tube-sheet heat exchanger, efere okpomọkụ, wdg.
Otu n'ime ihe dị iche n'etiti shei na tube na efere okpomọkụ Exchangers: Ọdịdị
1. Shell na tube okpomọkụ Exchanger Ọdịdị:
Ihe na-eme ka shei na tube na-ekpo ọkụ na-agụnye shei, ikpo ọkụ na-ebufe tube, mpempe akwụkwọ tube, baffle (baffle) na igbe tube na ihe ndị ọzọ.Shei ahụ na-abụkarị cylindrical, nke nwere ngwugwu tube n'ime ya, a na-edozikwa akụkụ abụọ nke ngwugwu tube na mpempe akwụkwọ tube.Enwere ụdị mmiri ọkụ abụọ dị ọkụ na mmiri oyi na-ebufe ọkụ, otu bụ mmiri dị n'ime tube, nke a na-akpọ mmiri akụkụ tube;nke ọzọ bụ mmiri mmiri dị n'èzí tube, nke a na-akpọ mmiri akụkụ shei.
Iji meziwanye ọnụọgụ ọkụ na-ebufe ọkụ nke mmiri n'èzí tube, a na-ahazi ọtụtụ baffles na shei tube.Mgbagwoju anya nwere ike ịbawanye ọsọ nke mmiri dị n'akụkụ shei ahụ, mee ka mmiri ahụ gafere n'ùkwù tube ọtụtụ ugboro dị ka anya a kapịrị ọnụ, ma mee ka ọgba aghara nke mmiri ahụ dịkwuo elu.
Enwere ike ịhazi tubes mgbanwe okpomọkụ na triangles equilateral ma ọ bụ square na mpempe akwụkwọ tube.Nhazi nke triangles equilateral bụ kọmpat, ogo nke ọgba aghara nke mmiri dị n'èzí tube dị elu, na ntinye ọkụ ọkụ dị ukwuu.Nhazi nke square na-eme ka ihicha si na tube ahụ dị mma ma dị mma maka mmiri mmiri na-adịkarị mfe imebi.
1-shell;2-tube ngwugwu;3, 4-njikọ;5-isi;6-tube efere: 7-baffle: 8-mmiri ọkpọkọ
Otu ụzọ shei na tube okpomọkụ Exchanger
Eserese atụmatụ nke otu shei nwere okpukpu abụọ nke igwe na-ekpo ọkụ
2. Efere okpomọkụ Ọdịdị Ọdịdị:
A na-eji ọtụtụ efere dị mkpa steepụ steepụ n'oge ụfọdụ, nke gaskets na-emechi ha gburugburu, ma kpuchie ya na okpokolo agba na skru mkpakọ.Oghere nkuku anọ nke efere na oghere na-etolite ndị na-ekesa mmiri na ndị na-anakọta.N'otu oge ahụ, mmiri oyi na mmiri ọkụ na-ekewa n'ụzọ ziri ezi ka ha wee kewaa n'akụkụ abụọ nke efere ọ bụla.Na-asọba na ọwa, mgbanwe okpomọkụ site na efere.
Otu n'ime ọdịiche dị n'etiti shea na tube okpomọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ na efere efere: nhazi ọkwa
1. Nhazi nke shei na tube okpomọkụ mgbanwe:
(1) The tube mpempe akwụkwọ nke ofu tube mpempe akwụkwọ okpomọkụ Exchanger na-agbakwunyere na tube bundles na abụọ nsọtụ nke tube shei.Mgbe ihe dị iche na ọnọdụ okpomọkụ dị ntakịrị ma nrụgide akụkụ shei adịghị oke elu, enwere ike itinye mgbanaka nkwụnye ụgwọ na-agbanwe na shei ahụ iji belata nrụgide okpomọkụ.
(2) The tube efere na otu njedebe nke tube ngwugwu nke sere n'elu isi okpomọkụ Exchanger nwere ike sere n'elu n'efu, kpamkpam na-ewepụ thermal nrụgide, na dum tube ngwugwu nwere ike wepụrụ na shei, nke dị mma maka n'ibu ihicha na mmezi.A na-eji ndị na-ekpo ọkụ ọkụ na-ese n'elu mmiri eme ihe n'ọtụtụ ebe, mana usoro ha dị mgbagwoju anya na ọnụ ahịa ya dị elu.
(3) A na-ehulata tube nke ọ bụla nke tube okpomọkụ nke U-ụdị U, a na-edozikwa nsọtụ abụọ n'otu mpempe akwụkwọ tube na mpaghara elu na ala.Site n'enyemaka nke akụkụ igbe tube, a na-ekewa ya n'ime ụlọ abụọ: ntinye na ntinye.Onye na-ekpo ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ na-ewepụ kpamkpam nrụgide okpomọkụ, na nhazi ya dị mfe karịa nke ụdị isi na-ese n'elu mmiri, ma akụkụ tube adịghị mfe ihicha.
(4) The eddy ugbu a na-ekpo ọkụ ihe nkiri okpomọkụ na-anabata ihe ọhụrụ eddy ugbu a na-ekpo ọkụ ihe nkiri okpomọkụ mgbanwe technology, ma na-eme ka okpomọkụ mgbanwe mmetụta site na-agbanwe mgbanwe mmiri mmiri ọnọdụ.Mgbe onye na-agafe agafe na-agafe n'elu nke tube vortex, ọ ga-enwe ọnyà siri ike n'elu vortex tube, si otú ahụ na-eme ka ọkụ ọkụ na-eme ka ọ dịkwuo mma, ruo 10000 W / m2.N'otu oge ahụ, ihe owuwu ahụ nwere ọrụ nke nguzogide corrosion, oke okpomọkụ na-eguzogide, nnukwu nrụgide na mgbochi.
2. Nhazi nke ndị na-ekpo ọkụ efere efere:
(1) Dị ka nha nke ebe a na-ekpo ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ n'otu oghere ọ bụla, ihe na-ekpo ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ bụ ihe na-ekpo ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ, karịsịa ma e jiri ya tụnyere shei na tube okpomọkụ.Shei omenala na tube okpomọkụ na-ejupụta ebe buru ibu.
(2) Dị ka ojiji nke usoro ahụ si dị, e nwere aha dị iche iche: efere efere, efere efere, efere condenser, efere preheater.
(3) Dị ka nchikota usoro, ọ nwere ike kewaa n'ime unidirectional efere okpomọkụ Exchanger na multi-directional efere okpomọkụ Exchanger.
(4) Dị ka eruba direction nke abụọ media, ọ nwere ike kewara n'ime yiri efere okpomọkụ Exchanger, counter eruba efere okpomọkụ Exchanger na cross eruba efere okpomọkụ Exchanger.A na-ejikarị nke abụọ eme ihe.
(5) Dị ka ọdịiche nke onye na-agba ọsọ si dị, enwere ike kewaa ya n'ime ihe na-ekpo ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ na mbara igwe.
(6) Dị ka ọnọdụ corrugation na-eyi, onye na-ekpo ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ nwere nkọwa zuru ezu, nke a na-agaghị eme ọzọ.Biko rụtụ aka na: ụdị corrugated nke efere efere okpomọkụ.
(7) Dị ka ma ọ bụ ngwaahịa zuru oke, enwere ike kewaa ya n'ime otu ihe na-ekpo ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ na efere efere.
Efere-fin okpomọkụ mgbanwe
Otu n'ime ihe dị iche n'etiti shei na tube na efere okpomọkụ mgbanwe: atụmatụ
1. Akụkụ nke shei na tube okpomọkụ Exchanger:
(1) Ịrụ ọrụ dị elu na nchekwa ike, ọnụọgụ ọkụ na-enye ọkụ nke onye na-ekpo ọkụ bụ 6000-8000W / (m2 · k).
(2) All igwe anaghị agba nchara mmepụta, ogologo ndụ ndụ, ruo 20 afọ.
(3) Ịgbanwe mgbanwe laminar na-agbagharị agbagharị na-eme ka ọrụ nnyefe ọkụ dịkwuo mma ma na-ebelata nkwụsị ọkụ.
(4) Na-ebufe ọkụ ngwa ngwa, nkwụsi ike dị elu (ogo 400 Celsius), nrụgide nrụgide (2.5 MPa).
(5) Usoro kọmpat, obere akara ukwu, ịdị arọ dị mfe, ntinye dị mfe, ịchekwa ego owuwu obodo.
(6) Nhazi ahụ na-agbanwe agbanwe, nkọwapụta zuru oke, arụmọrụ siri ike, echekwara ego ahụ.
(7) Ọ nwere ọnọdụ dị iche iche nke ngwa ngwa ma dị mma maka nrụgide, ọnọdụ okpomọkụ na mgbanwe okpomọkụ nke mgbasa ozi dị iche iche.
(8) Ọnụ ego mmezi dị ala, ọrụ dị mfe, ogologo oge nhicha na nhicha dị mma.
(9) Nabata teknụzụ ihe nkiri nano-thermal, nke nwere ike melite ọnụọgụ mbufe ọkụ.
(10) A na-ejikarị ọkụ ọkụ, ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe na Ngwuputa, petrochemical, kpo oku etiti obodo, nri na ọgwụ, ngwá electronic, igwe na ọkụ ọkụ na ubi ndị ọzọ.
(11) The ọla kọpa tube na jụrụ ntù akpọrepu na elu elu nke okpomọkụ transfer tube nwere elu thermal conductivity na nnukwu okpomọkụ nnyefe ebe.
(12) Efere ntụzịaka na-eduzi mmiri mmiri n'akụkụ shei ka ọ na-aga n'ihu n'ahịrị gbajiri agbaji n'ime igwe okpomọkụ.Enwere ike idozi ebe dị n'etiti efere ntuziaka maka oke kacha mma.Ọdịdị ahụ siri ike, ọ nwere ike izute okpomọkụ nyefe nke shei-n'akụkụ mmiri na nnukwu eruba ọnụego ma ọ bụ ọbụna ibu ibu eruba ọnụego na elu pulsation ugboro.
2. Atụmatụ nke efere okpomọkụ Exchanger:
(1) Ọkụ na-ebufe ọkụ dị elu
Ebe ọ bụ na a na-atụgharị efere corrugated dị iche iche, a na-emepụta ọwa dị mgbagwoju anya, nke mere na mmiri dị n'etiti efere ndị ahụ na-asọba na mmiri na-agbagharị agbagharị atọ, na mgbagwoju anya nwere ike ịmepụta na ọnụ ọgụgụ Reynolds dị ala (n'ozuzu Re=50-200), ya mere. nnyefe okpomọkụ Ọnụ ọgụgụ dị elu dị elu, a na-ewerekwa ya na agba uhie bụ ugboro 3-5 karịa nke ụdị shei-na-tube.
(2) Logarithmic nkezi okpomọkụ dị iche dị ukwuu, na okpomọkụ dị iche na njedebe dị ntakịrị
N'ime shei na tube okpomọkụ, enwere mmiri mmiri abụọ na-asọba n'akụkụ tube na akụkụ tube n'otu n'otu.N'ozuzu, ha na-agafe agafe ma nwee obere ihe mgbazi mgbanwe dị iche iche nke logarithmic.Ọtụtụ ndị na-ekpo ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ na-adakọ ma ọ bụ na-aga n'ihu, na ihe mgbazi na-adịkarị gburugburu 0.95.Tụkwasị na nke ahụ, mmiri na-ekpo ọkụ na oyi na-ekpo ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ na-eme ka mmiri na-ekpo ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ.
Elu na-ekpo ọkụ na enweghị nkwụsịtụ na-eme ka okpomọkụ dị iche na njedebe nke ihe na-ekpo ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ na-eme ka ọ dị ntakịrị, na ịnyefe ọkụ na mmiri nwere ike ịbụ ihe na-erughị 1 Celsius C, ebe shei na tube okpomọkụ na-adịkarị 5 ° C.
(3) Obere akara ukwu
Igwe ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ nwere nhazi kọmpat, na ebe a na-enye ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ n'otu olu bụ 2-5 ugboro karịa nke shei-na-tube okpomọkụ.N'adịghị ka shei-na-tube okpomọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ, ọ dịghị achọ ebe nlekọta maka mmịpụta nke ngwugwu tube.Ya mere, iji nweta otu ikike ịnyefe ọkụ ahụ, mpaghara ala nke ihe na-ekpo ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ dị ihe dịka 1 / 5-1 / 8 nke shea na tube okpomọkụ.
(4) Ọ dị mfe ịgbanwe ebe mgbanwe okpomọkụ ma ọ bụ nhazi usoro
Ọ bụrụhaala na agbakwunyere ma ọ bụ wepụ efere ole na ole, enwere ike imezu ebumnuche ịbawanye ma ọ bụ ibelata ebe a na-ebufe okpomọkụ.Site n'ịgbanwe nhazi efere ma ọ bụ dochie ọtụtụ ụdị efere dị iche iche, usoro nhazi usoro achọrọ nwere ike ịme, na ebe mgbanwe okpomọkụ nke shei na tube okpomọkụ nwere ike ime ka ọnọdụ okpomọkụ ọhụrụ dị ọhụrụ.Ọ fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ na ọ gaghị ekwe omume ịbawanye ebe a na-ebufe okpomọkụ nke shei na tube okpomọkụ.
(5) ịdị arọ
Okpokoro efere nke ihe na-ekpo ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ bụ nanị 0.4-0.8 mm, na tube tube nke shei-na-tube okpomọkụ bụ 2.0-2.5 mm.Shell na tube okpomọkụ dị arọ karịa okpokolo agba ọkụ.Ndị na-ekpo ọkụ efere efere n'ozuzu na-aza naanị ihe dịka 1/5 nke ịdị arọ nke shei na tube.
(6) Ọnụ ala dị ala
Ihe nke ihe na-ekpo ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ bụ otu ihe ahụ, ebe okpomọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ bụ otu, na ọnụahịa bụ 40% ~ 60% ala karịa nke shei na tube okpomọkụ.
(7) Ọ dị mfe ime
A na-ehichapụ efere na-ekpo ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ nke efere efere, nke nwere ọkwa dị elu nke nhazi ma nwee ike ịmepụta ya.Shell na tube okpomọkụ na-ejikarị aka eme ya.
(8) Ọ dị mfe ịsacha
Dị ka ogologo dị ka nrụgide bolts nke etiti efere okpomọkụ Exchanger na-atọpụ, tube ngwugwu nke efere okpomọkụ Exchanger nwere ike ịtọghe, na efere okpomọkụ Exchanger nwere ike wepụ maka n'ibu ihicha.Nke a dị nnọọ mma maka usoro mgbanwe okpomọkụ nke akụrụngwa nke kwesịrị ka ihicha ya ugboro ugboro.
(9) Obere okpomọkụ ọnwụ
N'ime ihe na-ekpo ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ, ọ bụ naanị ihe mkpuchi shei nke ikpo ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ na-ekpuchi ikuku, ọkụ ọkụ na-abaghị uru, ọ dịghịkwa ihe mkpuchi chọrọ.
